Fig. 4

Genetic transformation of einkorn. a Tiller set of primary transgenic plant Mn-2. b Morphology of primary transgenic plant Mn-4. c Morphological comparison of tillers produced by primary transgenic einkorn plants and untransgenic tiller (WT). d Inheritance of GFP expression in excised T₁ embryos of primary transgenic plant Mn-2 cultured in vitro, 5 days of culture; left panel: white light, right panel: the GFP filter set (EX BP 470/40, BS FT 495, EM LP 550). e GFP expression in pollen of primary transgenic plant Mn-7, left panel: white light, right panel: the GFP filter set (EX BP 470/40, BS FT 495, EM LP 550). f Herbicide resistance in non-transgenic einkorn (middle) and hemizygous (left) and homozygous (right) T₂ populations of transgenic T₁ plants resulted from the self pollination of primary transgenic einkorn plant Mn-2, photographed 2 weeks after the spray with 0.25% PPT