Fig. 5

Representative chromatogram of the supernatant from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae SA-1-X123 strain fermentation analyzed with (a) the 50 mm guard column showing xylose (peak 1) and ethanol (peak 2) elution, and (b) xylose and ethanol concentration profile of the supernatant from a modified S. cerevisiae strain fermentation between 0 h and 62 h analyzed with the 50 mm guard column and 300 mm column. HPLC parameters: column temperature 55 °C, mobile phase 5 mM sulfuric acid, flow rate 1.0 mL/min (0.6 mL/min for 300 mm column), refractive index detection