Fig. 6

Fluorescent microscopic images of heavy metal-treated E. coli-BL21 cells. a Wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells with deionized water as the solvent. b Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells with deionized water as the solvent. c Untreated wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells regarding heavy metals. d Untreated genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells regarding heavy metals. e Wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells treated with 2 ppb of Ni²⁺. f Wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells treated with 2 ppb of Cd²⁺. g Wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells treated with 2 ppb of Zn²⁺. h Wildtype E. coli-BL21 cells treated with 2 ppb of Pb²⁺. i Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Ni²⁺. j Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Cd²⁺. k Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Zn²⁺. l Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Pb²⁺. m Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺. n Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Cd²⁺ and Zn²⁺. o Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Pb²⁺ and Zn²⁺. p Genetically modified E.coli-BL21-CadA/CadR-eGFP cells treated with 2 ppb of Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Pb.²⁺. (FITC filter was used for all images, and the magnification was set at × 600)