Table 2 Comparison of various pretreatment methods used in SSF.
Solid substrate | Pretreatment | Species | Products | Improved efficiency (times) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rice straw | Sodium hydroxide pretreatment (4%, 70 °C, 1 h) | F. trogii | Laccase | 7.72 | This research |
Rice straw | Aqueous ammonia pretreatment (25%, 80 °C, 8 h) | A. oryzae | Cellulase | 4.7 | [41] |
Corn straw | Steam explosion pretreatment (1.5 MPa, 5 min) | Trichoderma Reesei | Cellulase | 4.56 | [42] |
Rice straw | Microwave with sodium hydroxide pretreatment (2%, 10 min) | Aspergillus flavus | Xylanase | 2 | [43] |
Wheat bran | Ultrasound pretreatment (amplitude 20%, 5 min) | B. thurgiensis | Pectinase | 3.71 | [44] |