Fig. 4

HPLC spectra of representative SESC slurry supernatants from the first and second milling and saccharification stages. The standard furfural and hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF) concentrations are both 10 mg L^− 1, which is 50 times lower than their inhibition concentrations for alcohol fermentation. Note the absence of furfural and HMF peaks in both SESC samples