Fig. 7

Al-tolerance analysis of transgenic yeast in liquid culture. The initial OD₆₀₀ was adjusted to 0.05. The culture was then incubated at 30 °C while shaking at 200 rpm. The OD₆₀₀ was measured every 2 h. Each sample was in triplicate, and three independent experiments were conducted. Vertical bars represent standard deviations of the means (n = 3)