Figure 1

Schematic representation of the phage-display selection procedure: modified subtractive panning. Phage particles displaying the members of the library were produced. The specific binder (nmAb-KT) was allowed to bind with the target, and other variants were removed by washing. Molecular variants with specificity for the target were retrieved after multiple cycles of selection and were characterized in detail. Bound phages were eluted with HM-1 containing phosphate buffer (pH 7.0). HM-1 had high binding affinity to the immobilized nmAb-KT. This competition of binding favored quick dissociation of scFv-containing phages from the bound nmAb-KT and consequently increased the elution stringency of the infected phages.