Figure 2

Evaluation of the binding strength of each of the 42 identified phage clones. The relative binding affinity of the phage clones to amorphous (A) and crystalline (B) Ni₃B nanoparticles was determined by titer assays at pH 7. The assay was repeated three-times for each clone and the elucidated phage amounts were arithmetically averaged. As a control, M13KE wild-type (M13wt) phage without a random peptide insert were compared in the same manner as the phage clones. Strong binding phage clones (> 10⁹ pfu/ml) are indicated with an arrow. Clones identified on amorphous Ni₃B are designated with an A, clones identified on crystalline Ni₃B are designated with a C.