Table 1 Summary of all substrates tested as binder
From: Development of a green binder system for paper products
Substrate category | Substrate | Source |
|---|---|---|
Protein | Soy Protein | Defatted soybean meal (Arkansas State University) |
HRGP | Corn silk (Arkansas State University) | |
Gelatin | Knox Gelatin (Kraft Foods, Glenview, IL) | |
JELL-O (Kraft Foods, Glenview, IL) | ||
Bovine & Porcine (Great Lakes Gelatin, Grayslake, IL) | ||
Zein | Acros Organics, Geel, Belgium | |
Carbohydrates | Agar | Seng Huad Limited Partnership (Bangkok, Thailand) |
Agarose | Genetic Analysis (Fisher Scientific, Pittsburg, PA) | |
Analytical Grade (Promega, Madison, WI) | ||
Pectin | Sure-Jell (Kraft Foods, Glenview, IL) | |
Ball (Jarden Home Brands, Daleville, IN) | ||
Apple (Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO) | ||
Grapefruit (Source Naturals, Inc., Scotts Valley, CA) | ||
Gum Arabic | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO | |
Xanthan Gum | Kountry Kupboard, Jonesboro, AR | |
Locust Bean Gum | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO | |
Carrageen | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO | |
Kelp Powder | Now Foods, Bloomingdale, IL | |
Flaxseed | Now Foods, Bloomingdale, IL | |
Lignin/ | Black Liquor | Buckeye Technologies Inc., Memphis, TN |
Phenolic Compounds | ||
Lignin Low Sulfonate | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO | |
Sodium Lignin Sulfonate | MP Biomedicals, LLC, Solon, OH | |
Salix | Vertichem, Toronto, Canada | |
Marasperse | Lignotech, Rothschild, WI | |
Ferulic Acid | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO | |
Coniferyl Alcohol | Sigma Chemical Company, St. Louis, MO |