Field performance of transgenic citrus trees: Assessment of the long-term expression of uidA and nptIItransgenes and its impact on relevant agronomic and phenotypic characteristics

Table 2 The effects of the ‘line’, ‘transgene’ and ‘ontogeny’ factors on the fruit quality in the sweet orange lines

Source	Fruit quality parameter (dependent variable)
	Weight			Volume			Caliber			Color Index			Juice content¹			TA			TSS			MI
	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3	S1	S2	S3
Factor / ANOVA ²
Line	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	*	NS	*	NS	NS	***	***	***	NS	NS	NS	*	*	***
Plant (Line)	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	*	*	NS	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	***	NS
Contrasts to test ‘transgene’ effect ³
P3A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	*
P4A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	**
P5A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
P6A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
P7A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
P8A vs PCA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Contrasts to test ‘ontogeny’ effect ⁴
J vs A	NS	*	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	NS	NS	***	***	***	NS	NS	NS	**	**	***
PCJ vs PCA	NS	*	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	**	NS	NS	NS	NS	***	*	***	NS	NS	NS	**	NS	***
TJ vs TA	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	*	NS	NS	NS	NS	*	***	***	NS	NS	NS	NS	**	***

¹The “juice content” variable was log-transformed prior to the analyses to fit the data to a normal distribution.
²ANOVA to test the effects of Line on each fruit quality variable. Independent statistical analyses were performed for each fruit quality parameter and season.
³Contrasts to test for significant differences between each adult transgenic line and their respective control line (PCA) using Dunnett’s test.
⁴Planned comparisons to test for significant differences between juvenile and adult lines. J, average of all juvenile lines; A, average of all adult lines; TJ, average of all juvenile and transgenic lines; TA, average of all adult and transgenic lines.
TA, titratable acidity; TSS, total soluble solids; MI, maturity index (TSS/TA); S1, season 2004; S2, season 2005; S3, season 2006.
*p < 0.01; **p < 0.001; ***p < 0.0001; NS, not significant.

ISSN: 1472-6750