Fig. 1

Cultivation of Paenibacillus polymyxa in complex medium and chemically defined Moppa medium in microtiter plate. Pbp complex medium (specified in Table 1) or chemically defined Moppa medium (specified in Table 2). Initial concentrations were: 56.2–56.8 g/L maltose, 3.5–3.7 g/L glucose, 3.1–3.4 g/L citrate. a Oxygen transfer rate (OTR), b Final optical density (OD) and pH, c Final maltose, glucose and citrate concentration, d Final acetoin, 2,3-butanediol and lactate concentration. a For clarity, only every 10th measuring point over time is marked as a symbol. Mean values for OTR of at least four replicates with standard deviations as shadows are shown. Standard deviations are not well recognizable, because they are small. b-d For offline analysis, samples (wells) of the replicates of the OTR measurement were pooled at the end of the experiments. OD measurement of pooled samples was performed in triplicate and mean values with standard deviations depicted as error bars are shown. pH and concentrations of sugars and metabolites were determined in a single measurement of pooled samples. c, d d.l. means that concentrations of components were lower than the detection limit. Parameters in b-d were determined after 63.3 h. b OD of complex medium prior to inoculation (3.6) is not considered in the final measured optical density. Initial osmolality in Pbp medium is 0.63 osmol/kg and osmolality after 63.3 h is 0.57 osmol/kg. Initial osmolality in Moppa medium is 0.69 osmol/kg and osmolality after 63.3 h is 0.73 osmol/kg. Cultivation conditions: temperature 33 °C, 48-round well plate, filling volume 0.8 mL, shaking frequency 1000 rpm, shaking diameter 3 mm, 0.1 M MES, initial pH 6.5