Plant biotechnology

Multiplex quantitative PCR for single-reaction genetically modified (GM) plant detection and identification of false-positive GM plants linked to Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) infection

Most genetically modified (GM) plants contain a promoter, P35S, from the plant virus, Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV), and many have a terminator, TNOS, derived from the bacterium, Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Assa...

Authors: Aurélie Bak and Joanne B. Emerson

gRNA validation for wheat genome editing with the CRISPR-Cas9 system

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful and versatile tool for crop genome editing. However, achieving highly efficient and specific editing in polyploid species can be a challenge. The efficiency and specificity...

Authors: Taj Arndell, Niharika Sharma, Peter Langridge, Ute Baumann, Nathan S. Watson-Haigh and Ryan Whitford

Rapid high throughput template preparation (rHTTP) method: a novel cost effective method of direct PCR for a wide range of plants

Conventional plant DNA isolation methods are complex, time consuming and require technical expertise. These limitations were overcome using the DNA isolation kits which, however significantly add to the resear...

Authors: Prassan Choudhary, Sudipta Das, Hillol Chakdar, Arjun Singh, Sanjay Kumar Goswami and Anil Kumar Saxena

Soybean plants expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis cry8-like gene show resistance to Holotrichia parallela

Cry8-like from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) encodes an insecticidal crystal (Cry) protein. Holotrichia parallela (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidae), commonly known as the dark black chafer, is a troublesome pest of soybe...

Authors: Di Qin, Xiao-Yi Liu, Cristina Miceli, Qi Zhang and Pi-wu Wang

Rejuvenation of chicory and lettuce plants following phase change in tissue culture

A frequent problem associated with the tissue culture of Compositae species such as chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is the premature bolting to in vitro flowering of regenerated pla...

Authors: Anthony J. Conner, Helen Searle and Jeanne M. E. Jacobs

Improved CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing by fluorescence activated cell sorting of green fluorescence protein tagged protoplasts

CRISPR/Cas9 is widely used for precise genetic editing in various organisms. CRISPR/Cas9 editing may in many plants be hampered by the presence of complex and high ploidy genomes and inefficient or poorly cont...

Authors: Bent Larsen Petersen, Svenning Rune Möller, Jozef Mravec, Bodil Jørgensen, Mikkel Christensen, Ying Liu, Hans H. Wandall, Eric Paul Bennett and Zhang Yang

Mutagenesis of FAD2 genes in peanut with CRISPR/Cas9 based gene editing

Increasing the content of oleic acid in peanut seeds is one of the major goals in peanut breeding due to consumer and industry benefits, such as anti-oxidation and long shelf-life. Homeologous ahFAD2A and ahFAD2B

Authors: Mei Yuan, Jun Zhu, Limin Gong, Liangqiong He, Crystal Lee, Suoyi Han, Charles Chen and Guohao He

Nicotiana benthamiana is a suitable transient system for high-level expression of an active inhibitor of cotton boll weevil α-amylase

Insect resistance in crops represents a main challenge for agriculture. Transgenic approaches based on proteins displaying insect resistance properties are widely used as efficient breeding strategies. To exte...

Authors: Guilherme Souza Prado, Pingdwende Kader Aziz Bamogo, Joel Antônio Cordeiro de Abreu, François-Xavier Gillet, Vanessa Olinto dos Santos, Maria Cristina Mattar Silva, Jean-Paul Brizard, Marcelo Porto Bemquerer, Martine Bangratz, Christophe Brugidou, Drissa Sérémé, Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa and Séverine Lacombe

CRISPR-Cas9 mediated targeted disruption of FAD2–2 microsomal omega-6 desaturase in soybean (Glycine max.L)

Recent innovation in the field of genome engineering encompasses numerous levels of plant genome engineering which attract the substantial excitement of plant biologist worldwide. RNA-guided CRISPR Cas9 system...

Authors: Noor al Amin, Naveed Ahmad, Nan Wu, Xiumin Pu, Tong Ma, Yeyao Du, Xiaoxue Bo, Nan Wang, Rahat Sharif and Piwu Wang

Evaluation of strategies for improving the transgene expression in an oleaginous microalga Scenedesmus acutus

Genetic transformation of microalgae has been hampered by inefficient transgene expression, limiting the progress of microalgal biotechnology. Many vector tools and strategies have been developed in recent yea...

Authors: Anongpat Suttangkakul, Anchalee Sirikhachornkit, Piyada Juntawong, Wilasinee Puangtame, Thitikorn Chomtong, Suchada Srifa, Sukhita Sathitnaitham, Wasawat Dumrongthawatchai, Kanidtha Jariyachawalid and Supachai Vuttipongchaikij

Expression of Rift Valley fever virus N-protein in Nicotiana benthamiana for use as a diagnostic antigen

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), the causative agent of Rift Valley fever, is an enveloped single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus in the genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. The virus is spread by infected mo...

Authors: Sandiswa Mbewana, Ann E. Meyers, Brandon Weber, Vuyokazi Mareledwane, Maryke L. Ferreira, Phelix A. O. Majiwa and Edward P. Rybicki

Characterization of a strong and constitutive promoter from the Arabidopsis serine carboxypeptidase-like gene AtSCPL30 as a potential tool for crop transgenic breeding

Transgenic technology has become an important technique for crop genetic improvement. The application of well-characterized promoters is essential for developing a vector system for efficient genetic transform...

Authors: Pingping Jiang, Ke Zhang, Zhaohua Ding, Qiuxia He, Wendi Li, Shuangfeng Zhu, Wen Cheng, Kewei Zhang and Kunpeng Li

Overexpression of a rice BAHD acyltransferase gene in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) enhances saccharification

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a promising bioenergy feedstock because it can be grown on marginal land and produces abundant biomass. Recalcitrance of the lignocellulosic components of the switchgrass cell...

Authors: Guotian Li, Kyle C. Jones, Aymerick Eudes, Venkataramana R. Pidatala, Jian Sun, Feng Xu, Chengcheng Zhang, Tong Wei, Rashmi Jain, Devon Birdseye, Patrick E. Canlas, Edward E. K. Baidoo, Phat Q. Duong, Manoj K. Sharma, Seema Singh, Deling Ruan…

Oil body bound oleosin-rhFGF9 fusion protein expressed in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) stimulates hair growth and wound healing in mice

Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) is a heparin-binding growth factor, secreted by both mesothelial and epithelial cells, which participates in hair follicle regeneration, wound healing, and bone development. A...

Authors: Jingbo Cai, Ruicheng Wen, Wenqing Li, Xiuran Wang, Haishan Tian, Shanyong Yi, Linbo Zhang, Xiaokun Li, Chao Jiang and Haiyan Li

Acetosyringone treatment duration affects large T-DNA molecule transfer to rice callus

Large T-DNA fragment transfer has long been a problem for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Although vector systems, such as the BIBAC series, were successfully developed for the purpose, low transformation ...

Authors: Jing Xi, Minesh Patel, Shujie Dong, Qiudeng Que and Rongda Qu

The importance of genotype identity, genetic heterogeneity, and bioinformatic handling for properly assessing genomic variation in transgenic plants

The advent of –omics technologies has enabled the resolution of fine molecular differences among individuals within a species. DNA sequence variations, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms or small deletion...

Authors: Jean-Michel Michno and Robert M. Stupar

RNase I_f -treated quantitative PCR for dsRNA quantitation of RNAi trait in genetically modified crops

RNA interference (RNAi) technology has been widely used to knockdown target genes via post-transcriptional silencing. In plants, RNAi is used as an effective tool with diverse applications being developed such...

Authors: Po-Hao Wang, Greg Schulenberg, Shannon Whitlock, Andrew Worden, Ning Zhou, Stephen Novak and Wei Chen

A bioinformatics approach for identifying transgene insertion sites using whole genome sequencing data

Genetically modified crops (GM crops) have been developed to improve the agricultural traits of modern crop cultivars. Safety assessments of GM crops are of paramount importance in research at developmental st...

Authors: Doori Park, Su-Hyun Park, Yong Wook Ban, Youn Shic Kim, Kyoung-Cheul Park, Nam-Soo Kim, Ju-Kon Kim and Ik-Young Choi

Comprehensive in silico allergenicity assessment of novel protein engineered chimeric Cry proteins for safe deployment in crops

Development of chimeric Cry toxins by protein engineering of known and validated proteins is imperative for enhancing the efficacy and broadening the insecticidal spectrum of these genes. Expression of novel C...

Authors: Maniraj Rathinam, Shweta Singh, Debasis Pattanayak and Rohini Sreevathsa

A hyper-thermostable α-amylase from Pyrococcus furiosus accumulates in Nicotiana tabacum as functional aggregates

Alpha amylase hydrolyzes α-bonds of polysaccharides such as starch and produces malto-oligosaccharides. Its starch saccharification applications make it an essential enzyme in the textile, food and brewing ind...

Authors: Hong Zhu, L. Bruce Reynolds and Rima Menassa

Expression and functional analyses of a Kinesin gene GhKIS13A1 from cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber

Cotton fiber, a natural fiber widely used in the textile industry, is differentiated from single cell of ovule epidermis. A large number of genes are believed to be involved in fiber formation, but so far only...

Authors: Yan-Jun Li, Shou-Hong Zhu, Xin-Yu Zhang, Yong-Chang Liu, Fei Xue, Lan-Jie Zhao and Jie Sun

Somatic cell selection for chlorsulfuron-resistant mutants in potato: identification of point mutations in the acetohydroxyacid synthase gene

Somatic cell selection in plants allows the recovery of spontaneous mutants from cell cultures. When coupled with the regeneration of plants it allows an effective approach for the recovery of novel traits in ...

Authors: Philippa J. Barrell, Julie M. Latimer, Samantha J. Baldwin, Michelle L. Thompson, Jeanne M.E. Jacobs and Anthony J. Conner

Development of plant-produced protein body vaccine candidates for bluetongue virus

Bluetongue is a disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus serotypes (BTV), which have caused serious outbreaks worldwide. Commercially available vaccines are live-attenuated or inactiva...

Authors: Albertha R. van Zyl, Ann E. Meyers and Edward P. Rybicki

Pollen-mediated gene flow from transgenic to non-transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in the field

Switchgrass is C₄ perennial grass species that is being developed as a cellulosic bioenergy feedstock. It is wind-pollinated and considered to be an obligate outcrosser. Genetic engineering has been used to alter...

Authors: Reginald Millwood, Madhugiri Nageswara-Rao, Rongjian Ye, Ellie Terry-Emert, Chelsea R. Johnson, Micaha Hanson, Jason N. Burris, Charles Kwit and C. Neal Stewart Jr

Improved tissue culture conditions for the emerging C₄ model Panicum hallii

Panicum hallii Vasey (Hall’s panicgrass) is a compact, perennial C₄ grass in the family Poaceae, which has potential to enable bioenergy research for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)....

Authors: Joshua N. Grant, Jason N. Burris, C. Neal Stewart Jr and Scott C. Lenaghan

Highly efficient mesophyll protoplast isolation and PEG-mediated transient gene expression for rapid and large-scale gene characterization in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a major crop extensively cultivated in the tropics as both an important source of calories and a promising source for biofuel production. Although stable gene expression have...

Authors: Jun-Zheng Wu, Qin Liu, Xiao-Shan Geng, Kai-Mian Li, Li-Juan Luo and Jin-Ping Liu

The role of community engagement in the adoption of new agricultural biotechnologies by farmers: the case of the Africa harvest tissue-culture banana in Kenya

The tissue culture banana (TCB) is a biotechnological agricultural innovation that has been adopted widely in commercial banana production. In 2003, Africa Harvest Biotech Foundation International (AH) initiat...

Authors: Sunita V. S. Bandewar, Florence Wambugu, Emma Richardson and James V. Lavery

Identification of two transcription factors activating the expression of OsXIP in rice defence response

Xylanase inhibitors have been confirmed to be involved in plant defence. OsXIP is a XIP-type rice xylanase inhibitor, yet its transcriptional regulation remains unknown.

Authors: Yihua Zhan, Xiangyu Sun, Guozeng Rong, Chunxiao Hou, Yingying Huang, Dean Jiang and Xiaoyan Weng

Transcriptomic response of wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, to transgenic rice expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab protein

Bacillum thuringiensis (Bt) toxin produced in Cry1-expressing genetically modified rice (Bt rice) is highly effective to control lepidopteran pests, which reduces the needs for synthet...

Authors: Juan Wang, Yuande Peng, Kaifu Xiao, Baoyang Wei, Jilin Hu, Zhi Wang, Qisheng Song and Xuguo Zhou

Overexpression of AtOxR gene improves abiotic stresses tolerance and vitamin C content in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abiotic stresses are serious threats to plant growth, productivity and result in crop loss worldwide, reducing average yields of most major crops. Although abiotic stresses might elicit different plant respons...

Authors: Yuanyuan Bu, Bo Sun, Aimin Zhou, Xinxin Zhang, Testuo Takano and Shenkui Liu

High-efficiency CRISPR/Cas9 multiplex gene editing using the glycine tRNA-processing system-based strategy in maize

CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing strategy has been applied to a variety of species and the tRNA-processing system has been used to compact multiple gRNAs into one synthetic gene for manipulating multiple genes in rice.

Authors: Weiwei Qi, Tong Zhu, Zhongrui Tian, Chaobin Li, Wei Zhang and Rentao Song

Protoplast isolation, transient transformation of leaf mesophyll protoplasts and improved Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc infiltration of Phaseolus vulgaris: tools for rapid gene expression analysis

Phaseolus vulgaris is one of the most extensively studied model legumes in the world. The P. vulgaris genome sequence is available; therefore, the need for an efficient and rapid trans...

Authors: Kalpana Nanjareddy, Manoj-Kumar Arthikala, Lourdes Blanco, Elizabeth S. Arellano and Miguel Lara

Diversity of ABC transporter genes across the plant kingdom and their potential utility in biotechnology

The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter gene superfamily is ubiquitous among extant organisms and prominently represented in plants. ABC transporters act to transport compounds across cellular membranes and...

Authors: Thomas S. Lane, Caroline S. Rempe, Jack Davitt, Margaret E. Staton, Yanhui Peng, Douglas Edward Soltis, Michael Melkonian, Michael Deyholos, James H. Leebens-Mack, Mark Chase, Carl J. Rothfels, Dennis Stevenson, Sean W. Graham, Jun Yu, Tao Liu, J. Chris Pires…

Novel strong promoter of antimicrobial peptides gene pro-SmAMP2 from chickweed (Stellaria media)

In a previous study we found that in chickweed the expression level of the pro-SmAMP2 gene was comparable or even higher to that of the β-actin gene. This high level of the gene expression has attracted our atten...

Authors: Roman A. Komakhin, Denis A. Vysotskii, Rahim R. Shukurov, Vera D. Voblikova, Vera V. Komakhina, Svetlana R. Strelnikova, Ekaterina M. Vetchinkina and Alexey V. Babakov

Genomic variation and DNA repair associated with soybean transgenesis: a comparison to cultivars and mutagenized plants

The safety of mutagenized and genetically transformed plants remains a subject of scrutiny. Data gathered and communicated on the phenotypic and molecular variation induced by gene transfer technologies will p...

Authors: Justin E. Anderson, Jean-Michel Michno, Thomas J. Y. Kono, Adrian O. Stec, Benjamin W. Campbell, Shaun J. Curtin and Robert M. Stupar

Monitoring the efficacy of mutated Allium sativum leaf lectin in transgenic rice against Rhizoctonia solani

Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. It is associated with significant reduction in rice productivity worldwide. A mutant variant of mannose binding Al...

Authors: Prithwi Ghosh, Senjuti Sen, Joydeep Chakraborty and Sampa Das

Plant expression and characterization of the transmission-blocking vaccine candidate PfGAP50

Despite the limited success after decades of intensive research and development efforts, vaccination still represents the most promising strategy to significantly reduce the disease burden in malaria endemic r...

Authors: Veronique Beiss, Holger Spiegel, Alexander Boes, Matthias Scheuermayer, Andreas Reimann, Stefan Schillberg and Rainer Fischer

Erratum to: Expression of the Streptococcus pneumoniae yoeB Chromosomal toxin gene causes Cell Death in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana

Authors: Fauziah Abu Bakar, Chew Chieng Yeo and Jennifer Ann Harikrishna

Cloning and characterization of the pepper CaPAO gene for defense responses to salt-induced leaf senescence

Pheophorbide a oxygenase (PAO) is an important enzyme in the chlorophyll catabolism pathway and is involved in leaf senescence. It opens the porphyrin macrocycle of pheophorbide a and finally forms the primary fl...

Authors: Huai-Juan Xiao, Ke-Ke Liu, Da-Wei Li, Mohamed Hamed Arisha, Wei-Guo Chai and Zhen-Hui Gong

Gene stacking in plant cell using recombinases for gene integration and nucleases for marker gene deletion

Practical approaches for multigene transformation and gene stacking are extremely important for engineering complex traits and adding new traits in transgenic crops. Trait deployment by gene stacking would gre...

Authors: Soumen Nandy, Shan Zhao, Bhuvan P Pathak, Muthusamy Manoharan and Vibha Srivastava

A Comparison of transgenic and wild type soybean seeds: analysis of transcriptome profiles using RNA-Seq

Soybean (Glycine max) has been bred for thousands of years to produce seeds rich in protein for human and animal consumption, making them an appealing bioreactor for producing valuable recombinant proteins at hig...

Authors: Kevin C. Lambirth, Adam M. Whaley, Ivory C. Blakley, Jessica A. Schlueter, Kenneth L. Bost, Ann E. Loraine and Kenneth J. Piller

Using proteomic analysis to investigate uniconazole-induced phytohormone variation and starch accumulation in duckweed (Landoltia punctata)

Duckweed (Landoltia punctata) has the potential to remediate wastewater and accumulate enormous amounts of starch for bioethanol production. Using systematical screening, we determined that the highest biomass an...

Authors: Mengjun Huang, Yang Fang, Yang Liu, Yanling Jin, Jiaolong Sun, Xiang Tao, Xinrong Ma, Kaize He and Hai Zhao

Integrated DNA walking system to characterize a broad spectrum of GMOs in food/feed matrices

In order to provide a system fully integrated with qPCR screening, usually used in GMO routine analysis, as well as being able to detect, characterize and identify a broad spectrum of GMOs in food/feed matrice...

Authors: Marie-Alice Fraiture, Philippe Herman, Loic Lefèvre, Isabel Taverniers, Marc De Loose, Dieter Deforce and Nancy H Roosens

Saccharification of rice straw by cellulase from a local Trichoderma harzianum SNRS3 for biobutanol production

Rice straw has shown to be a promising agricultural by-product in the bioconversion of biomass to value-added products. Hydrolysis of cellulose, a main constituent of lignocellulosic biomass, is a requirement ...

Authors: Nooshin Rahnama, Hooi Ling Foo, Nor Aini Abdul Rahman, Arbakariya Ariff and Umi Kalsom Md Shah

Molecular characterization of two A-type P450s, WsCYP98A and WsCYP76A from Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: expression analysis and withanolide accumulation in response to exogenous elicitations

Pharmacological investigations position withanolides as important bioactive molecules demanding their enhanced production. Therefore, one of the pivotal aims has been to gain knowledge about complete biosynthe...

Authors: Satiander Rana, Wajid Waheed Bhat, Niha Dhar, Shahzad A Pandith, Sumeer Razdan, Ram Vishwakarma and Surrinder K Lattoo

Morphology and ploidy level determination of Pteris vittata callus during induction and regeneration

Morphological and ploidy changes of the arsenic hyperaccumulator, Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) callus tissue are described here to provide insight into fern life cycle biology and for possible biotechnolog...

Authors: Blake L Joyce, Shigetoshi Eda, John Dunlap and C Neal Stewart

Factors affecting polyhydroxybutyrate accumulation in mesophyll cells of sugarcane and switchgrass

Polyhydroxyalkanoates are linear biodegradable polyesters produced by bacteria as a carbon store and used to produce a range of bioplastics. Widespread polyhydroxyalkanoate production in C₄ crops would decrease p...

Authors: Richard B McQualter, Maria N Somleva, Leigh K Gebbie, Xuemei Li, Lars A Petrasovits, Kristi D Snell, Lars K Nielsen and Stevens M Brumbley

Transgene autoexcision in switchgrass pollen mediated by the Bxb1 recombinase

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) has a great potential as a platform for the production of biobased plastics, chemicals and energy mainly because of its high biomass yield on marginal land and low agricultural i...

Authors: Maria N Somleva, Chang Ai Xu, Kieran P Ryan, Roger Thilmony, Oliver Peoples, Kristi D Snell and James Thomson

Ectopic expression of human acidic fibroblast growth factor 1 in the medicinal plant, Salvia miltiorrhiza, accelerates the healing of burn wounds

Healing of burns is a complex process and very few effective treatments exist to facilitate the burn recovery process. Human acidic fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) plays an important role in a variety of bi...

Authors: YaQing Tan, Kevin Yueju Wang, Nan Wang, GangQiang Li and DeHu Liu

Bactericidal activities of GM flax seedcake extract on pathogenic bacteria clinical strains

The antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is a worldwide problem. Each year several million people across the world acquire infections with bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant, which is costly ...

Authors: Magdalena Zuk, Agata Dorotkiewicz-Jach, Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa, Malgorzata Arendt, Anna Kulma and Jan Szopa