Fig. 1

Improvement of genome editing in D. suzukii. a Three copies of the snRNA gene U6 in the genome of D. suzkuii. The transcription from U6 genes by RNA pol III is directed by the proximal sequence element PSE which is highly conserved between D. suzukii and D. melanogaster. b Scheme for HDR-based genome editing at a transgenic target platform. Sequence of the target site in the transgenic strain showing the PAM sequence in red. The scissors indicate where Cas9 induces the DSB three nucleotides upstream of the PAM. c-e Fluorescent marker change as the result of the HDR knock-in: images of two male flies taken with cold light (c), RFP fliter (d), and EYFP filter (e). f Comparison of Ds U6a, U6b, U6c promoters as well as RNP in their efficiency to promote HDR-mediated knock-ins