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Fig. 1 | BMC Biotechnology

Fig. 1

From: Mild electrical stimulation with heat shock guides differentiation of embryonic stem cells into Pdx1-expressing cells within the definitive endoderm

Fig. 1

MET stimulation on day 7 enhances the generation of Pdx1-expressing cells derived from mouse ES cells but not stimulation on day -1 or day 5. a Experimental flow of MET on ES cell differentiation into definitive endoderm (d5) and Pdx1-expressing cells within the definitive endoderm (d8). GF; growth factors (activin and bFGF). Closed arrowheads indicate MET stimulation. b SK7 ES cells were stimulated by MET on day -1 followed by FACS analysis on day 5. Numbers indicate the proportion of E-cadherin+/Cxcr4+ definitive endoderm cells within total ES cell culture. c ES cells were treated with MET on day 5 followed by FACS analysis on day 8. Numbers indicate the proportion of E-cadherin+/Cxcr4+ definitive endoderm cells within total ES cell culture (left panels). Numbers indicate the proportion of E-cadherin+/Pdx1+ pancreatic progenitor cells within the definitive endoderm cells (right panels). Upper panels are sham-treated controls and bottom panels are MET-treated samples. Differentiation was done without any additional growth factors. d ES cells were stimulated by MET on day 7 followed by FACS analysis on day 8. Numbers indicate the proportion of E-cadherin+/Cxcr4+ definitive endoderm cells within total ES cell culture (left panels). Numbers indicate the proportion of E-cadherin+/Pdx1+ pancreatic progenitor cells within definitive endoderm cells (right panels). e Percentage of differentiated cells/ total cells on Day 8 treated with MET on Day 7 was normalized with sham-treated control and indicated as fold change as assessed by flow cytometry (n = 3, Error bars indicates ± SEM. p = 0.041). f Representative fluorescent images of ES cells on Day 8. g MET stimulation likely induces the expression of Pdx1 mRNA expression in SK7 ES cells (p = 0.128). β-actin was used as internal control. Values are the mean ± S.E. from triplicate plates for E and duplicate plates for g. Statistical significance was determined by Student’s t-test. *; p < 0.05, n.s.; not significant

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