Fig. 1
From: Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of hydroxy fatty acids from glucose
Metabolic pathway from glucose to HFAs in engineered E. coli. Glucose is degraded into acetyl-CoA through glycolysis. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) catalyzes the irreversible carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to produce malonyl-CoA. The discrete, monofunctional type II fatty acid synthases (FAS) act on malonyl-CoA to synthesize fatty acyl-ACPs. Then thioesterase hydrolyzes the acyl-ACPs bond to form FFAs. At last, fatty acid hydroxylase transforms FFAs to HFAs. Acyl-CoA synthetase responsible for fatty acid degradation is knocked out to block fatty acids and HFAs degradation