Figure 1From: Dual-lifetime referencing (DLR): a powerful method for on-line measurement of internal pH in carrier-bound immobilized biocatalystsCephalosporin C hydrolysis catalyzed by CCA. Formation of the DAAA product results in release of the molar equivalent of protons. In the case of immobilized CCA, proton formation may lead to a drop in intraparticle pH relative to the external pH in bulk.Back to article page