Cold-shock eliminates female nucleus in fertilized eggs to induce androgenesis in the loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus), a teleost fish

Table 1 Ploidy of fry from the control and cold-shocked eggs from the first experiment comprising five crosses (A to E).

Treatment	Phenotype	Morphology	No. of fry	Ploidy status
				1n	2n	3n	6n	Hypo-2n	Hyper-2n	Euploid mosaic	Aneuploid mosaic
Control	Wild-type	Normal	74	0	74	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Wild-type	Abnormal	7	1	1	0	0	5¹	0	0	0
	Albino	Abnormal	2	0	0	0	0	2²	0	0	0
0°C Cold-shock	Wild-type	Normal	71	0	18	53	0	0	0	0	0
	Wild type	Abnormal	38	5	18	5	0	5³	2⁴	2⁵	1⁶
	Albino	Normal	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Albino	Abnormal	83	83	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3°C Cold-shock	Wild-type	Normal	32	0	2	29	1	0	0	0	0
	Wild-type	Abnormal	24	2	6	5	0	0	10⁷	0	1⁸
	Albino	Abnormal	62	62	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
6°C Cold-shock	Wild-type	Normal	46	0	26	14	0	0	0	4⁹	2¹⁰
	Wild-type	Abnormal	35	10	7	2	0	4¹¹	6¹²	1¹³	5¹⁴
	Albino	Normal	1	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Albino	Abnormal	51	51	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9°C Cold-shock	Wild-type	Normal	40	0	40	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Wild-type	Abnormal	4	0	2	0	0	0	1¹⁵	0	1¹⁶

¹ 1.8n(2 individuals), 1.7n(1), 1.6n(1), 1.4n(1); ² 1.8n(1), 1.6n(1); ³ 1.8n(3), 1.9n (1), 1.6n(1); ⁴ 2.1n(1), 2.5n(1); ⁵ 1n-3n(1), 1n-5n (1); ⁶ 2n-2.2n (1); ⁷ 2.2n(2), 2.3n(2), 2.4n(1), 2.6n(2), 2.8n(1), 2.9n(2); ⁸ 2.8n-3.2n; ⁹ 1n-2n(2), 2n-3n(2); ¹⁰ 2n-2.1n (1), 1.9n-2.9n(1); ¹¹ 1.9n(1), 1.8n(1), 1.7n(1), 1.3n(1); ¹² 2.8n(1), 2.7n(1), 2.6n(1), 2.5n(1), 2.4n(1), 2.2n(1); ¹³ 2n-3n(1); ¹⁴ 1.8n-2n(1), 2.6n-3n(1), 1.7n-2n(1), 2n-2.3n(1), 1n-1.1n (1); ¹⁵ 2.2n(1);¹⁶ 1.3n-2.9n (1).

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